9 ECTS credits
270 h study time
Offer 1 with catalog number 1023715ANR for all students in the 1st semester at a (A) Bachelor - preliminary level.
In this course insight is gained into the basic mechanisms of disease processes and how they lead to symptoms and clinical signs. To this end, the student must integrate and apply the knowledge that has already been built up around anatomy, (patho-)physiology, biochemistry and other disciplines in the approach to pathology. At the end of this course, the student has developed insights into the skills needed to take a clear history as well as to perform a thorough clinical examination. This should enable the student to detect disease symptoms and clinical signs and to make a (differential) diagnosis of frequently occurring diseases, without using expensive and/or potentially harmful tests. The most relevant additional diagnostic techniques are explained with attention to their rational application. This takes into account the likelihood (prevalence) of a condition in which the findings of clinical and additional investigations, with their likelihood ratio, initiate the diagnostic process. The table of contents of this course unit can be found on the electronic learning platform.
Disease symptoms and clinical signs are discussed by organ system (HOC). Most lectures are introduced with a WPO. Attendance at these WPOs is strongly recommended. On the basis of a simulated case, the students in a working group practice drawing up a problem list and substantiated differential diagnosis. The initiative of clinical reasoning lies with the student and is facilitated by the teacher.
This course explicitly contributes to the following competences of the Arts training:
- Medical action
The student must have sufficient knowledge, understanding and skills to provide supervised patient care.
- Evaluating scientific relevance
During medical treatment, the student will use an approach that is based on rational and scientifically founded medicine. The student will be able to reflect on the scientific foundation of the research techniques used and the value of possible divergent findings.
- Learn to communicate
The student must communicate in a human and empathetic way with the patient and his or her environment.
- Problem-solving way of thinking
The student will be able to carry out a correct anamnesis and systematic clinical examination. Based on the information from the history, anamnesis and clinical examination, he/she will formulate diagnostic hypotheses and test them against the scientifically available information
- Learn to estimate the scientific value
The student acquires and applies the scientific methodology to support his/her diagnostic and therapeutic process (EBM).
- Recognizing and processing implications for ethics
The student is aware of the central interest of the patient. He/she recognizes ethnic and sociocultural backgrounds. In making decisions, the student learns to weigh up proposed tests, burden on the patient and ethically accepted standards.
- Communicate clinical information
The student draws up a complete report, in which anamnesis and physical examination are expressed in understandable terms. The student concludes this report with a problem list (main points of attention) and a differential diagnosis, with decreasing probability.
At the end of the course, the student is able to recognize common syndromes and syndromes.
The student is able to structurally take a simulated (theoretical) anamnesis, paying attention to symptoms related to common diseases.
The student knows the techniques of clinical research and recognizes abnormal clinical signs.
On the basis of anamnesis and clinical examination, the student draws up a problem list and a substantiated differential diagnosis, with determination of a priori probability and likelihood ratio.
The student describes and interprets relevant additional diagnostic techniques that can be used in the diagnostic process, taking into account their specificity and sensitivity.
The final grade is composed based on the following categories:
Oral Exam determines 100% of the final mark.
Within the Oral Exam category, the following assignments need to be completed:
The course is assessed on the basis of one oral exam. The exam consists of two parts: part internal medicine - prof. Allard and part surgery - prof Vanhoeij.In order to pass the course, the student must obtain at least 8/20 on both components.The final result is the average of the two parts. If the student scores less than 8/20 on one of the components, the final result is equal to that of the lowest result. Students must achieve an average of at least 10/20 (the 2 components together) to pass.A partial result of at least 12/20 can be transferred to the second examination period and the following academic year. In this case (i.e. only if the student did not obtain the credit), the student who wishes to waive his partial credit and thus wishes to retake a component, can send an e-mail to the lecturer no later than before the start of the examination period. Once the student has reported that he wishes to waive his partial mark, he irrevocably loses the partial mark.
This offer is part of the following study plans:
Bachelor of Medicine: Standard track (6 years) (only offered in Dutch)